Whether Penza applies for the status многоконфессиональнойНазад
Whether Penza applies for the status многоконфессиональной
Претендует ли Пенза на статус многоконфессиональной
The cathedral mosque becomes an ornament of Penza
The Sursky edge actively prepares for the anniversary - 350 летию Penza which will be marked in 2013. To this date will be erected: the Spassky cathedral (it is blown up in 1934), a modern complex of a cathedral mosque, other cult establishments, set of public, cultural and sports objects, and also engineering constructions.
Now jobs on building of a belltower of the Spassky cathedral are practically finished and builders have started erection of a zero cycle of the basic building of the main orthodox temple of province. The basic building of a complex of a cathedral mosque is erected also. Some inhabitants of the regional centre opposed buildings of these cult constructions, but, contrary to their protests, the overwhelming majority of the population of province has concerned erection of Christian and Muslim relics with the big enthusiasm.
Let`s remind, that in the beginning of 20 centuries in Penza provinces 924 orthodox churches and 20 monasteries, 137 mosques, a synagogue, кирха and a church operated. In 1719 Penza became the centre of the Penza province of the Kazan province, and in 1780 - the centre Penza наместничества. In a city two monasteries (man`s and female), 26 orthodox churches, Lutheran кирха, the Polish church and a Muslim mosque have been opened.
According to census of 1897 the province population made 1 470 474 souls, on 1 sq. verst on the average it was necessary 46,9 showers. In 1896 was registered: 1 387 726 orthodox, 68 131 Mohammedans, 22 362 dissenters (молокане and others), 1025 Catholics, 619 Jews, 410 Protestants, other confessions - 392.
The Tatar population lived in 89 villages, from which 66 thousand in Krasnoslobodsky, Insarsky and Saransk districts, the others - in northern part of Chembarsky and Kerensky districts. In Gorodishchensky and Nizhnelomovsky districts was registered on two Tatar villages and one in Mokshansky. At Tatars was more than 100 mosques and 80 schools.
The first mosques in сурском edge (the city of Mohshi in territory of modern village Narovchat) have appeared in the beginning of XIV century when the city became one of the centres northern улуса Golden Horde. By 1744 the most part of the Penza mosques has been destroyed. Renewal of active building of prayful buildings of Moslems has begun after the decree of the Senate from 1756. Basically they have been erected during the period with 1875 for 1908. In 1826 in the Penza province 70 mosques, and to 1910 138 Muslim communities with quantity of parishioners over 80 thousand persons were already. In 1912 in province 89 Muslim schools, including 12 медресе and 77 мактабов were registered. In days of the Soviet power to believing Moslems in большей degrees, rather than to Christians, it was possible to save the cult buildings. If the aggregate number of operating orthodox churches in the Penza area by the end of 1940 th years in comparison with the pre-revolutionary period made only 2 percent the quantity of mosques reached 17,5 percent, but actually in area 75 mosques did not operate: 29 buildings have been occupied under nurseries, medical institutions, clubs and cinemas, 28 under warehouses, masterful and other economic premises, 18 buildings were empty. In particular, operating mosques were absent in the Tatar villages Vadinsky, Shemyshejsky, Issinsky, Luninsky, Lopatinsky and Belinsky of areas.
For 1945-1947 in the Penza area it has been fixed nine operating Islamic cult buildings in Kuznetsk, Gorodishchensky, Kamensk, Neverkinsky, Bednodemjanovsky and Sosnovoborsky areas. The operating mosque in Penza then was not.
As a gathering place believing Moslems used a city Tatar cemetery and houses of Moslems. New splash in closing of mosques in the Penza edge is necessary on the beginning of 1950th years.
In 1951-1952 Council about affairs of religious cults has given out sanctions on closing of Muslim cult buildings in the villages Aleevo, the Second Тарлаково, Кунчерово, Ust-Inza, Parched Чирчим, Сулеймановка, Демино. In the column "New purpose of buildings" it has been specified - school, club, forest shelter station etc.
To the middle of 1960th years dynamics of closing of mosques has decreased, but radical re-equipment frequently in them was not made. Some buildings (villages Tatar-kanadej, Tatar Пенделка and Бестянка Kuznetsk area) continued to be used under needs of secular school establishments, but thus over them minarets towered and they reminded Muslim медресе more. From 1990 for 1998 in the Penza province 23 mosques have been constructed, by 2000 in region 53 mosques functioned already.
To cathedral to be!
Now in Penza and Kuznetsk diocese РПЦ (with 16 (27) October, 1799 - Saratov and Penza, since December, 4th, 1803 Penza and Saratov, since November, 12th, 1828 Penza and Saransk, since 1991 - Penza and Kuznetsk) - 340 arrivals, from which eight are registered at monasteries.
On spiritual managements ЕДУМ and РДУМ it is necessary the Penza area about 80 mosques and молельных at home which parishioners are 130 thousand Moslems.
Only in Penza operates over 30 religious institutions, including: 24 orthodox churches, a female monastery, a mosque, a synagogue, Catholic arrival, Christian church "Live belief". Two churches of evangelical Christians-baptists, the prayful house in a name Onions Crimean.
It is supposed, that in 2012 building of the Armenian apostolic church will begin (number of diaspora about 6 thousand persons), is formed public opinion about possibility of building of a temple of Krishna (number of a community nearby 200 persons).
And still, giving a tribute of historical justice, it is necessary to notice that forthcoming anniversary Penza if speech has come about restoration of a pre-revolutionary picture многоконфессионального a province face, is saddened by problem questions with revival of a Catholic church and Lutheran кирхи (it is destroyed together with other cult constructions in days of the Soviet power).
The Catholic temple can become an apple конфессионального contention
As to a church in 1931 of believers from it have expelled. In a temple the club of builders has taken places, in 1951 the building has passed in conducting trade union of educators, in 1972 under the name "Teacher`s club" has been translated in a state ownership with transfer to balance обкому trade union of workers of education. In 1992 the building has appeared in a private property, and then has been redeemed by capital firm. Since 1998 the Penza Catholic community of Penza unsuccessfully tried to return to itself a cult construction for regional arbitration court, despite intervention of the ministry of state property of the area, demanding to return a building in a state ownership, has rejected requests believing to return them a temple. The most remarkable that at Catholics all historical documents confirming their property right to a building were saved. It is available a legal legal nonsense.
In Penza the set of buildings belonging before revolution to various faiths was saved. Many of them which occupied the shops, different establishments and firms, are gratuitously passed religious, mainly orthodox, to establishments, and Catholics are compelled to huddle in a close premise.
There is a rhetorical question: Why in Penza have ignored the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from 1996 (the document obliges the state and municipal authorities to assist in returning of cult buildings to the religious organisations). Somehow such relation to Catholic and протестанской to branches of Christian church keeps within with plans of occurrence of Russia the WTO and adjustment of friendly communications with the EU countries?
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