Security Strategy of the United States of America September 2002Назад
Security Strategy of the United States of America September 2002
После событий 11 сентября на Западе и в России существовало мнение, что военная политика США подвергнется радикальным изменениям и что основные усилия США будут направлены на борьбу с терроризмом. Время, прошедшее после 11 сентября, показало, что, хотя США и принялись искоренять терроризм, действуя при этом своим обычным способом типа ?миротворческой агрессии? в Югославии, основные направления американской военной политики, как будет показано ниже, остаются, в сущности, прежними. Попутно отметим, что в США термины ?военная политика?, ?военная доктрина? в официальных документах военного планирования не употребляются, а вместо них принято наименование ?Стратегия национальной безопасности? (National Security Strategy), которая периодически разрабатывается с учетом сложившейся геополитической ситуации. Очередная стратегия ? ?Стратегия национальной безопасности США для нового столетия? (A National Security Strategy for a New century) уточнялась в 2000 и 2001 годах.
Security Strategy
of the
United States
of America
September 2002
The National
Security Strategy
of the
United States
of America
September 2002
The great struggles of the twentieth century between liberty and totalitarianism ended with a
decisive victory for the forces of freedom?and a single sustainable model for national success:
freedom, democracy, and free enterprise. In the twenty-first century, only nations that share a
commitment to protecting basic human rights and guaranteeing political and economic
freedom will be able to unleash the potential of their people and assure their future prosperity.
People everywhere want to be able to speak freely; choose who will govern them; worship as they
please; educate their children?male and female; own property; and enjoy the benefits of their
labor. These values of freedom are right and true for every person, in every society?and the
duty of protecting these values against their enemies is the common calling of freedom-loving
people across the globe and across the ages.
Today, the United States enjoys a position of unparalleled military strength and great economic
and political influence. In keeping with our heritage and principles, we do not use our strength
to press for unilateral advantage. We seek instead to create a balance of power that favors human
freedom: conditions in which all nations and all societies can choose for themselves the rewards
and challenges of political and economic liberty. In a world that is safe, people will be able to
make their own lives better. We will defend the peace by fighting terrorists and tyrants. We will
preserve the peace by building good relations among the great powers. We will extend the peace
by encouraging free and open societies on every continent.
Defending our Nation against its enemies is the first and fundamental commitment of the
Federal Government. Today, that task has changed dramatically. Enemies in the past needed
great armies and great industrial capabilities to endanger America. Now, shadowy networks of
individuals can bring great chaos and suffering to our shores for less than it costs to purchase
a single tank. Terrorists are organized to penetrate open societies and to turn the power of
modern technologies against us.
To defeat this threat we must make use of every tool in our arsenal?military power, better
homeland defenses, law enforcement, intelligence, and vigorous efforts to cut off terrorist
financing. The war against terrorists of global reach is a global enterprise of uncertain duration.
America will help nations that need our assistance in combating terror. And America will hold
